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Grade VDC Steel vs. AWS E320

Both grade VDC steel and AWS E320 are iron alloys. They have a modest 39% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is AWS E320.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
38
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
6.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
91
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
220

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
3.0 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
31.8 to 43.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
32 to 36
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030