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Grade VDC Steel vs. C12600 Copper

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C12600 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is C12600 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
56
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1030
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
29

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
30
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
310

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
8.2
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
10
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
39
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
9.5

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
99.5 to 99.8
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0.2 to 0.4
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0