Hot Rolled SAE-AISI 1021 vs. Hot Rolled SAE-AISI 1040
Both hot rolled SAE-AISI 1021 and hot rolled SAE-AISI 1040 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the hot worked condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is hot rolled SAE-AISI 1021 and the bottom bar is hot rolled SAE-AISI 1040.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 130 | |
| 160 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 27 | |
| 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 190 | |
| 220 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 54 | |
| 45 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 310 | |
| 350 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 480 | |
| 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 | |
| 320 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.0 | |
| 7.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.0 | |
| 8.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 | |
| 96 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 270 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 | |
| 20 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 | |
| 19 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 | |
| 18 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.18 to 0.23 | |
| 0.37 to 0.44 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.8 to 99.22 | |
| 98.6 to 99.03 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0.6 to 0.9 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |