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SAE-AISI 1021 Steel vs. AISI 405 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1021 steel and AISI 405 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1021 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 405 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 150
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 27
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 300
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 46 to 54
51
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 320
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480 to 530
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 450
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 530
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 19
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 17
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11.5 to 14.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.8 to 99.22
82.5 to 88.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030