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SAE-AISI 1021 Steel vs. Grade VDC Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1021 steel and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1021 steel and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 150
510
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 46 to 54
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480 to 530
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 19
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 17
50

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 98.8 to 99.22
98.3 to 99.35
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.5 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020