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SAE-AISI 1021 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1020 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1021 steel and SAE-AISI 1020 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1021 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1020 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 150
120 to 130
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 27
17 to 28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 300
180 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 46 to 54
45 to 57
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 320
280
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480 to 530
430 to 460
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 450
240 to 380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
72 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 530
150 to 380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 19
15 to 16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
16 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 17
13 to 14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0.18 to 0.23
Iron (Fe), % 98.8 to 99.22
99.08 to 99.52
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants