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SAE-AISI 1023 Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21L Class 1

Both SAE-AISI 1023 steel and ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1 are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1023 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 140
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 29
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 270
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 300
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430 to 480
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 410
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 6.9
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
4.1
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
62

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 77 to 100
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150 to 450
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 17
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.25
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 99.06 to 99.5
94.4 to 96.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.025