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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. AISI 403 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and AISI 403 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 87% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 403 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
190 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
16 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
200 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 45
47 to 50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
340 to 480
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
530 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
280 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
740
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
28
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
9.9

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
6.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
99

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
110 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
210 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
19 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
7.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
20 to 29

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11.5 to 13
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
84.7 to 88.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030