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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. S32654 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and S32654 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 43% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is S32654 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
450
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 45
46
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
82
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
590
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
490

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
11
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
34
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
6.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
87
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
220

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
330
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
570
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
38.3 to 45.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
2.0 to 4.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
7.0 to 8.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
21 to 23
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.45 to 0.55
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.0050