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SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. Type 4 Niobium

SAE-AISI 1090 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 280
120
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 11
23
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.4
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
38
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 950
220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 520 to 610
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
270
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
7.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.6
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 91
44
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 730 to 1000
93
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.8
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 34
7.2
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
9.5
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 31
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.85 to 1.0
0 to 0.010
Hafnium (Hf), % 0
0 to 0.020
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.0015
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
0 to 0.010
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.050
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Niobium (Nb), % 0
98.1 to 99.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.010
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.025
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0 to 0.5
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2