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SAE-AISI 1095 Steel vs. AISI 312 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1095 steel and AISI 312 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1095 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 312 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 270
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 10 to 11
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 370
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Reduction in Area, % 28 to 45
56
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
80
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 540
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680 to 900
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 500 to 590
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 47
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 9.6
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 11
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 63 to 84
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 660 to 930
640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 32
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 26
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22 to 29
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.9 to 1.0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 26
Iron (Fe), % 98.4 to 98.8
62.2 to 69.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 6.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030