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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. Monel 400

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Monel 400 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is Monel 400.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
160
Elongation at Break, % 23
20 to 40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
230 to 290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
62
Shear Strength, MPa 270
370 to 490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
540 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
210 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1300
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
3.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
50
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
7.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
250

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
140 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
140 to 1080
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
10
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
17 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
17 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
17 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
28 to 34
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
0 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
63 to 72
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.024