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SAE-AISI 4037 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4621 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4037 steel and SAE-AISI 4621 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4037 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4621 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 340
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290
360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
3.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220
340
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.35 to 0.4
0.18 to 0.23
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
96.1 to 97.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040