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SAE-AISI 4130 Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade D Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4130 steel and ASTM A372 grade D steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4130 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade D steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 300
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 26
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 660
340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 640
500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 530 to 1040
810
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 440 to 980
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83 to 180
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 2550
700
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 37
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 29
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 31
26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.28 to 0.33
0.4 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 98.2
97.1 to 97.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.6
1.4 to 1.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0.17 to 0.27
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010