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SAE-AISI 4145 Steel vs. ASTM A356 Grade 8

Both SAE-AISI 4145 steel and ASTM A356 grade 8 are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4145 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 8.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 310
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 16
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 240
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 46
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 42
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 80
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 350
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.43 to 0.48
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
95.4 to 97.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.5 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0.9 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.2 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.15