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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. AISI 445 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and AISI 445 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 79% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 445 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 420
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
950
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 460
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
5.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
74.9 to 80.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.012