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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. ASTM A228 Music Wire

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and ASTM A228 music wire are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A228 music wire.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
1280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 420
1470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
2450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
2050

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
87
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
52
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
79

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0.7 to 1.0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
98 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.1 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030