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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. ASTM A242 HSLA Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and ASTM A242 HSLA steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A242 HSLA steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 460
290
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.2 to 0.45
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
98.2 to 99.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.15
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050