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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. AWS E309Nb

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and AWS E309Nb are iron alloys. They have 62% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E309Nb.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
64
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
180

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
22 to 25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
54.8 to 64.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12 to 14
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030