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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. SAE-AISI H21 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and SAE-AISI H21 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 92% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
720 to 1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
23
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
68
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
72

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
23 to 58
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
21 to 38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
7.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
24 to 59

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0.28 to 0.36
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
3.0 to 3.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
87.6 to 93.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
8.5 to 10
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.3 to 0.6