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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. SAE-AISI M3 Class 2 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and SAE-AISI M3 class 2 steel are iron alloys. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M3 class 2 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
770 to 2210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
180
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
110

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
26 to 74
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
22 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
7.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
24 to 69

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
1.2 to 1.3
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
3.8 to 4.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
75.8 to 82.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
4.8 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
5.0 to 6.8
Vanadium (V), % 0
2.8 to 3.8