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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. SAE-AISI P4 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and SAE-AISI P4 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
390 to 1980

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
8.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
9.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
4.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
68

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
14 to 70
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
15 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
13 to 64

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
4.0 to 5.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
92.3 to 95.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0.4 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.1 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030