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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. C94700 Bronze

SAE-AISI 4161 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C94700 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is C94700 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 20
7.9 to 32
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
350 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
160 to 400

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
200
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1030
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
900
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
380
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
54
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
12
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
34
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
56
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
350

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
41 to 89
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 460
110 to 700
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.3
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
11 to 19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
13 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
16
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
12 to 21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.15
Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
85 to 90
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.5 to 6.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.050
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050
Tin (Sn), % 0
4.5 to 6.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
1.0 to 2.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 1.3