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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. C96900 Copper-nickel

SAE-AISI 4161 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C96900 copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is C96900 copper-nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 20
4.5
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
45
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
830

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1060
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
960
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
380
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
9.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
9.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
39
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
4.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
72
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
38
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 460
2820
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.7
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
73.6 to 78
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
0 to 0.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.15
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.050 to 0.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
14.5 to 15.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
7.5 to 8.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5