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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. AISI 414 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4320 steel and AISI 414 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 414 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
430 to 480
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 500
550 to 590
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
900 to 960
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
700 to 790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
750
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
8.0
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
2.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
29
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
1260 to 1590
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
32 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
27 to 28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
33 to 35

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
11.5 to 13.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
81.8 to 87.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
1.3 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030