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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and EN 1.4594 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
11 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
490 to 620
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 770
620 to 700
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
1020 to 1170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
810 to 1140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
110 to 190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
1660 to 3320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
36 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
29 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
34 to 39

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
13 to 15
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
72.6 to 79.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
5.0 to 6.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.15 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015