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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. S32520 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and S32520 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is S32520 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 360
270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
460
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 770
560
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
860
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
20
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
4.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
55
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
220
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
960
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
24

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
24 to 26
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.5 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
57.3 to 66.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
5.5 to 8.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.2 to 0.35
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020