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SAE-AISI 4621 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4820 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4621 steel and SAE-AISI 4820 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4621 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4820 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 27
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
260
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 320
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360
370

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.3
4.3
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 340
370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0.18 to 0.23
Iron (Fe), % 96.1 to 97.1
94.6 to 95.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.5 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
3.3 to 3.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040