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SAE-AISI 5120 Steel vs. AISI 434 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 5120 steel and AISI 434 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5120 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 434 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 16
24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 310
330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320
320

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
880
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 47
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 71
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 280
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 97.6 to 98.3
78.6 to 83.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.75 to 1.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030