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SAE-AISI 5140 Steel vs. 359.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 5140 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 359.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5140 steel and the bottom bar is 359.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 290
90 to 100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
3.8 to 4.9
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 570
100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 360 to 600
220 to 230
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 560 to 970
340 to 350
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 840
250 to 280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
530
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
910
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
35
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
1090

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 76 to 180
12 to 15
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 1880
450 to 540
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
54
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 34
37 to 38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 28
42 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
59
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 29
16 to 17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
88.9 to 91
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 98.1
0 to 0.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.5 to 0.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
8.5 to 9.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15