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SAE-AISI 5140 Steel vs. 384.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 5140 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 384.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5140 steel and the bottom bar is 384.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 290
85
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
74
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
2.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 570
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
28
Shear Strength, MPa 360 to 600
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 560 to 970
330
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 840
170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
550
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
530
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
96
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
22
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
69

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
1010

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 76 to 180
6.9
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 1880
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
49
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 34
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 28
37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
39
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 29
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
77.3 to 86.5
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 4.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 98.1
0 to 1.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
10.5 to 12
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.35
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 3.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5