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SAE-AISI 5140 Steel vs. A242.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 5140 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A242.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5140 steel and the bottom bar is A242.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 290
75
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
1.6
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 560 to 970
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
680
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
37
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
1130

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 34
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 28
26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 29
9.3

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
89.3 to 93.1
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.15 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.7 to 4.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 98.1
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.2 to 1.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.8 to 2.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.070 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15