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SAE-AISI 5140 Steel vs. B390.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 5140 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while B390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5140 steel and the bottom bar is B390.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
76
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
0.88
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 570
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
29
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 560 to 970
320
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 840
250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
640
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
20

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
27
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
88

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
940

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 76 to 180
2.6
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 1880
410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 34
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 28
38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
55
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 29
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
72.7 to 79.6
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 98.1
0 to 1.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.45 to 0.65
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
16 to 18
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 1.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2