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SAE-AISI D2 Steel vs. C12900 Copper

SAE-AISI D2 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C12900 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D2 steel and the bottom bar is C12900 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 5.0 to 16
2.8 to 50
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
43
Shear Strength, MPa 460 to 1160
150 to 210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2000
220 to 420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1510
75 to 380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1030
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
380
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.3
98
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.1
98

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
32
Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.4
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 50
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
330

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92 to 100
11 to 88
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 570 to 5940
24 to 640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 72
6.8 to 13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 46
9.1 to 14
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 67
7.8 to 15

Alloy Composition

Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.0030
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.012
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.0030
Carbon (C), % 1.4 to 1.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
99.88 to 100
Iron (Fe), % 81.3 to 86.9
0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.0040
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0 to 0.054
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tellurium (Te), % 0
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.1
0