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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
17
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 15
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
44
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
26 to 30
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
58.4 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
4.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0