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SAE-AISI H23 Steel vs. SAE-AISI P21 Steel

Both SAE-AISI H23 steel and SAE-AISI P21 steel are iron alloys. They have 76% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI H23 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 1550
1130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1680
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1630
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 20
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 34
6.5
Density, g/cm3 8.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 6.9
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 110
32
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
62

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 22
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 49
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 34
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 5.2
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 47
37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0.18 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 12.8
0 to 0.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
1.1 to 1.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 71.3 to 76.7
92.1 to 94.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.35 to 0.72
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
3.9 to 4.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 11 to 12.8
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.75 to 1.3
0.15 to 0.25