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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. ASTM A356 Grade 9

Both SAE-AISI L3 steel and ASTM A356 grade 9 are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 9.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
670

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
3.6
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
56

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
95.2 to 97.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0.5 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0.2 to 0.35