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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. C94400 Bronze

SAE-AISI L3 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C94400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is C94400 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.35
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
37
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
940
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
790
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
350
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
19

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
10
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
9.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
32
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
54
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
390

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.1
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
6.8
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
9.0
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
8.3

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
76.1 to 84
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
0 to 0.15
Lead (Pb), % 0
9.0 to 12
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.080
Tin (Sn), % 0
7.0 to 9.0
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.8