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SAE-AISI P20 Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both SAE-AISI P20 steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P20 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540 to 1050
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 37
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 29
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 35
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.28 to 0.4
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 2.0
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 98.5
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.71
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.3 to 0.55
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.8
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3