C17000 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel
C17000 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C17000 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.1 to 31 | |
| 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 45 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 490 to 1310 | |
| 500 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 160 to 1140 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 230 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 270 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 980 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 870 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.7 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 140 | |
| 65 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 210 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 4.2 to 390 | |
| 48 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 110 to 5420 | |
| 180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.6 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 19 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 to 41 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 16 to 30 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 17 to 45 | |
| 11 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Beryllium (Be), % | 1.6 to 1.8 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 28 to 32 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 96.3 to 98.2 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 40.8 to 53.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 18 to 22 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |