C17500 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel
C17500 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C17500 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.0 to 30 | |
| 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 170 to 310 | |
| 150 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 45 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 310 to 860 | |
| 500 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 170 to 760 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 220 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 220 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1060 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1020 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 27 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.7 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 73 | |
| 65 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 320 | |
| 210 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 30 to 120 | |
| 48 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 120 to 2390 | |
| 180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.5 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 9.7 to 27 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 23 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 29 | |
| 11 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Beryllium (Be), % | 0.4 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 28 to 32 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 2.4 to 2.7 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 95.6 to 97.2 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 40.8 to 53.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 18 to 22 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |