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C18700 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HF Steel

C18700 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HF steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C18700 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HF steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 9.6
29
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 43
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 290 to 330
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 250
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1080
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 950
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 380
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 380
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 98
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 99
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 30
17
Density, g/cm3 9.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 41
46
Embodied Water, L/kg 310
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 29
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 280
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.1
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 9.0 to 10
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 11 to 12
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 110
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 12
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 98 to 99.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
60 to 73.8
Lead (Pb), % 0.8 to 1.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 12
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0