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C54400 Bronze vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

C54400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C54400 bronze and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 40
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 330 to 720
590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 190
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1000
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 930
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 370
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 86
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 18
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 19
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 19
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 31
17
Density, g/cm3 8.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.9
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 340
180

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 6.8
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 10 to 22
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 12 to 20
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 26
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 26
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0
26 to 30
Copper (Cu), % 85.4 to 91.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.1
58.4 to 70
Lead (Pb), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0.010 to 0.5
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Tin (Sn), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Zinc (Zn), % 1.5 to 4.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0