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C94400 Bronze vs. EN 1.8821 Steel

C94400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while EN 1.8821 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C94400 bronze and the bottom bar is EN 1.8821 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 55
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 100
190
Elongation at Break, % 18
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.35
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 37
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220
530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 180
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 150
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 940
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 790
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 350
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 10
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.9
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 32
2.3
Density, g/cm3 9.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 54
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 390
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 33
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 60
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 6.1
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 17
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 6.8
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 9.0
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 17
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.3
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.0050
0.020 to 0.030
Antimony (Sb), % 0 to 0.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.14
Copper (Cu), % 76.1 to 84
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.15
96.8 to 99.98
Lead (Pb), % 9.0 to 12
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.015
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.0050
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.010
Tin (Sn), % 7.0 to 9.0
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.8
0