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S41045 Stainless Steel vs. 2025 Aluminum

S41045 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S41045 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 2025 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160
110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
72
Elongation at Break, % 25
15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
27
Shear Strength, MPa 280
240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430
400
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 740
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
520
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 29
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.5
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
7.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
55
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16
37
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.8
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.9 to 95.2
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 13
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.9 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 83.8 to 88
0 to 1.0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.4 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 0.6
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.5 to 1.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15