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S41045 Stainless Steel vs. Grade 31 Titanium

S41045 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S41045 stainless steel and the bottom bar is grade 31 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 25
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
41
Shear Strength, MPa 280
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 740
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 29
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
8.7

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
3.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
6.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
36
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
600
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
230

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
99
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.8
8.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
39

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 13
0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 83.8 to 88
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 0.6
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.35
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
97.9 to 99.76
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4