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S45000 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both S45000 stainless steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S45000 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 280 to 410
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.8 to 14
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 650
1040
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 22 to 50
46
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 590 to 830
1090
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 980 to 1410
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 580 to 1310
1610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 840
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 17
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 13
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 39
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 94 to 160
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 35 to 50
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28 to 36
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.5
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 33 to 47
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 14 to 16
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 1.3 to 1.8
0
Iron (Fe), % 72.1 to 79.3
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.5 to 1.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 5.0 to 7.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3