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S45000 Stainless Steel vs. R31233 Cobalt

S45000 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R31233 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. They have a modest 26% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S45000 stainless steel and the bottom bar is R31233 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
220
Elongation at Break, % 6.8 to 14
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 650
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
85
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 980 to 1410
1020
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 580 to 1310
420

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1330
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 17
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 39
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
480

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 94 to 160
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 850 to 4400
410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 35 to 50
33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28 to 36
26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.5
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 33 to 47
25

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.015
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0.020 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 14 to 16
23.5 to 27.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
44.7 to 63.3
Copper (Cu), % 1.3 to 1.8
0
Iron (Fe), % 72.1 to 79.3
1.0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.1 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.5 to 1.0
4.0 to 6.0
Nickel (Ni), % 5.0 to 7.0
7.0 to 11
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.030 to 0.12
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.050 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.0 to 3.0