333.0 (LM24, SC94A, A03330) Cast Aluminum
333.0 aluminum is an aluminum alloy formulated for casting. 333.0 is the Aluminum Association (AA) designation for this material. LM24 is the British Standard (BS) designation. A03330 is the UNS number. Additionally, the SAE designation is 331. Older literature may refer to this material as ASTM SC94A, but this is now discouraged.
The properties of 333.0 aluminum include four common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare 333.0 aluminum to: ANSI/AA cast aluminums (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
90 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
73 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
1.0 to 2.0 %
Fatigue Strength
83 to 100 MPa 12 to 15 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
28 GPa 4.0 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
190 to 230 MPa 27 to 33 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
230 to 280 MPa 33 to 41 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
130 to 210 MPa 19 to 30 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
520 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
170 °C 340 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
590 °C 1090 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
530 °C 990 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
880 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
100 to 140 W/m-K 60 to 82 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
21 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
26 to 35 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
83 to 110 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
10 % relative
Density
2.8 g/cm3 180 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
7.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
140 MJ/kg 61 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1040 L/kg 120 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
2.1 to 4.6 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
120 to 290 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
49 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
22 to 27 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
29 to 34 points
Thermal Diffusivity
42 to 57 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
11 to 13 points
Alloy Composition
Among cast aluminum alloys, the composition of 333.0 aluminum is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of copper (Cu) and silicon (Si). Copper is used to improve strength. This comes at the cost of a decrease in corrosion resistance and weldability. Silicon is used to improve casting fluidity and lower melting temperature. It also has a strengthening effect.
| Al | 81.8 to 89 | |
| Si | 8.0 to 10 | |
| Cu | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| Fe | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Zn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Mg | 0.050 to 0.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Ni | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Ti | 0 to 0.25 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B108: Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings
Iron in Aluminium Alloys: Impurity and Alloying Element, N. A. Belov et al., 2002
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015