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ASTM A209 Grade T1a C-Mo Steel

ASTM A209 grade T1a is a type of ASTM A209 steel. Cited properties are appropriate for the normalized condition. It has the highest strength compared to the other variants of ASTM A209 steel.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A209 grade T1a to: wrought alloy steels in the same category (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

150

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

34 %

Fatigue Strength

200 MPa 29 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Rockwell B Hardness

81

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

310 MPa 45 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

460 MPa 67 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

250 MPa 36 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

410 °C 760 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1470 °C 2670 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2600 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

50 W/m-K 29 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.1 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.2 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.4 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

20 MJ/kg 8.6 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

47 L/kg 5.6 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

130 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

170 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

16 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

17 points

Thermal Diffusivity

13 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

14 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 97.8 to 99.01
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.3 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0.44 to 0.65
Silicon (Si)Si 0.1 to 0.5
Carbon (C)C 0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.025
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.025

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A209: Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes

Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015